Biofuels and biorefineries convert biomass into renewable fuels, chemicals, and materials. Biofuels such as bioethanol, biodiesel, and biojet fuel provide low-carbon alternatives to fossil fuels, particularly in transportation. Biorefineries integrate multiple conversion processes to maximize resource efficiency and value from biomass feedstocks. These systems use agricultural residues, forestry waste, algae, and organic waste, reducing competition with food resources. Advances in biochemical and thermochemical conversion technologies improve yield and sustainability. Biofuels and biorefineries support rural development, energy security, and emission reduction. They are a key component of renewable energy strategies and circular bioeconomy development.
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Title : Transforming waste plastic into renewable hydrogen: A review of progress, challenges, and future directions through pyrolysis, distillation, and hydrotreatment process
Nur Hassan, Central Queensland University, Australia
Title : Why should nature be conserved
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Title : Micro grid of power electronics, renewable energy storage, and collaboration opportunities
Mustafa Ergin Sahin, RTE University, Turkey